Earthenware Glazing and Firing Tips

Earthenware is one of the oldest and most accessible forms of pottery, beloved for its warm, rustic tones and versatility. Whether you’re creating tableware, sculptural pieces, or decorative tiles, mastering the art of glazing and firing earthenware can make the difference between a dull finish and a vibrant, professional result. Here are a few tried-and-tested tips from our own studio at Village Ceramics & Crafts to help you get the best out of your next earthenware firing.

Hand-building in progress – shaping an earthenware vase before the bisque firing stage at Village Ceramics & Crafts.

1. Understanding Earthenware Clay

Earthenware clays typically mature between 1040°C and 1100°C, far lower than stoneware or porcelain. This means they remain slightly porous unless fully glazed. They’re ideal for bright, opaque colours and for pieces where a softer, more tactile surface is desired. Because earthenware is more absorbent than stoneware, it’s essential to bisque fire thoroughly to drive out all remaining moisture and carbon before glazing.

Tip: Don’t rush your bisque fire. We usually take it up slowly to 600°C to ensure all chemically bound water is gone, then continue to the top temperature of 1000°C with a short soak. This helps avoid pin-holing or blistering later.

2. Preparing the Surface

Once bisque fired, clean your pieces carefully with a damp sponge to remove dust and fingerprints, which can cause glaze defects. Handle the ware with care—earthenware is softer than stoneware and can chip easily. If you use underglazes or oxides, apply them before the glaze coat and allow to dry fully before dipping or brushing on your glaze.

Tip: Keep a small notebook to record which glazes and application methods work best on particular clays. Earthenware reacts differently to each glaze chemistry, and small notes can save a lot of guesswork later.

3. Applying Glaze Evenly

Consistency is everything. For best results, glaze should be the thickness of single cream. Too thin, and your colour may be dull; too thick, and it may run or crawl. Stir frequently—earthenware glazes settle quickly. Dip or pour for even coverage, or use a soft brush for detailed work. Remember to wipe the base clean so the glaze doesn’t fuse your piece to the kiln shelf.

Tip: Try layering transparent and opaque glazes to create depth and interest. Many earthenware glazes melt at slightly different rates, so experiment with overlap effects.

4. Firing Earthenware Glazes

A standard glaze firing for earthenware usually peaks around 1050°C, but always follow your glaze manufacturer’s recommendation. Ramp steadily—rushing the climb can trap gases, causing bubbles or craters. We fire in our Nabertherm N40e kiln on days when our solar panels are generating at their peak, making the process more sustainable and energy efficient. A soak of 10–15 minutes at top temperature helps the glaze smooth out beautifully.

Tip: Use stilts or setters for glazed undersides and keep your kiln shelves well-washed with kiln wash to prevent sticking mishaps.

Finished piece – a hand-built earthenware vase glazed in layered hues of blue, amber, and green, capturing the warmth and depth of traditional craftsmanship.

5. Patience Pays Off

Once the kiln has cooled, resist the urge to peek too soon! Opening the door before the temperature drops below 100°C risks crazing or cracking the glaze. The final reveal is always worth the wait—a moment of magic where dull powder turns to glossy colour and form.

At Village Ceramics & Crafts, we love the warmth and personality of earthenware. It’s forgiving, expressive, and endlessly creative—perfect for potters who value the charm of the handmade. Whether you’re a beginner or a seasoned maker, slowing down and paying attention to detail at each stage will reward you with pieces that truly shine.